Nest ferch Olaf/Afloed

See Darrell Wolcott, http://www.ancientwalesstudies.org/id173.html, for explanation of Gruffudd's children and wives. (March 11, 2017; Anne Brannen, curator)

Please see Darrell Wolcott: The Royal Family of Gwynedd - The Unofficial "History" of Gruffudd, Nephew of Iago; http://www.ancientwalesstudies.org/id74.html. (Steven Ferry, December 4, 2019.)

Please see Darrell Wolcott: The 1039 Battle at Rhyd y Groes; http://www.ancientwalesstudies.org/id211.html. (Steven Ferry, June 3, 2020.)

Please see Darrell Wolcott: Cynfyn ap Gwerystan, the Interim King; http://www.ancientwalesstudies.org/id209.html. Wolcott is clear that this marriage is not documented and is only his guess. (Steven Ferry, July 21, 2020.)

Please see Darrell Wolcott: The Consorts and Children of Gruffudd ap Llewelyn; http://www.ancientwalesstudies.org/id210.html. (Steven Ferry, July 22, 2020.)

Please see Darrel Wolcott: The Family of Trahaearn ap Caradog; http://www.ancientwalesstudies.org/id240.html. (Steven Ferry, August 29, 2020.)