Napoleon II, King of Rome

NAPOLEON II KING OF ROME & *EMPEROR OF FRANCE & CO-PRINCE OF ANDORRA & DUKE OF REICHSTADT
[*Emperor of France being a long disputed title as he only held it for about a month, but with that Emperorship he held the undoubted title of Co-Prince of Andorra, a title fully recognized in the Principality of Andorra which is co-ruled by the Bishop of Urgell and the ruler of France as seen here: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_co-princes_of_Andorra'']

http://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Napoleon_II_Bonaparte

Mother Marie Louise, Duchess of Parma

Born 20 March 1811

Paris, France

Died 22 July 1832 (aged 21)

Schönbrunn Palace, Vienna, Austria

Napoléon François Joseph Charles Bonaparte, Duke of Reichstadt (March 20, 1811 – July 22, 1832) was the son of Napoleon Bonaparte and his second wife, Marie Louise of Austria. Known from birth as the King of Rome, he was styled as His Majesty the King of Rome, which Napoleon I declared was the courtesy title of the heir-apparent. He was briefly the second Emperor of the French.

Napoleon I declared him his heir-apparent. Three years later, the First French Empire — to which he was heir — collapsed, and Napoleon abdicated the throne in favour of his infant son, who was taken by the empress to Château de Blois in April 1814. In 1815, after his defeat at Waterloo, Napoleon again abdicated in favour of his son whom he had not seen since his exile to Elba.

The Chamber of Representatives and Chamber of Peers recognized him as Emperor from the moment of his father's abdication (June 22, 1815), but the entrance of the Allies into Paris on July 7 brought a rapid end to his fictive rule. Napoleon II, aged 4, was residing in Austria with his mother and was probably never aware at the time that he had been proclaimed Emperor. The next Bonaparte to come to the throne of France (in 1851) took the name Napoleon III in deference to his cousin's theoretical reign.

After 1815, the young prince, now known as "Franz," after his maternal grandfather, rather than as "Napoleon," was a virtual captive in Austria. He was awarded the title of Duke of Reichstadt in 1818. He died of tuberculosis at Schönbrunn Palace in Vienna on July 22, 1832. Upon the death of his stepfather, Neipperg, and the revelation that his mother had borne two illegitimate children to him prior to their marriage, Franz said to his friend, Prokesch von Osten, "If Josephine had been my mother, my father would not have been buried at Saint Helena, and I should not be at Vienna. My mother is kind but weak; she was not the wife my father deserved". It has been suggested that his death was the result of deliberate lead or arsenic poisoning at the hands of agents of Metternich's police state.

He was very close to Princess Sophie of Bavaria and it has been further suggested that he was the father to her son, the future ill-fated Emperor Maximilian I of Mexico.

In 1940, the remains of Napoléon François Joseph Charles Bonaparte were transferred from Vienna to the dome of Les Invalides in Paris. This was done as a gift to France from German dictator Adolf Hitler. The remains of Napoleon I were moved there in 1840. For some time, the young prince rested beside his father. Later the remains of Napoléon François Joseph Charles Bonaparte were moved to the lower church. While most of his remains were transferred to Paris, his heart and intestines remained in Vienna.

Napoleon II of France

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Napoléon François Joseph Charles Bonaparte, Duke of Reichstadt (March 20, 1811 – July 22, 1832) was the son of Napoleon Bonaparte and his second wife, Marie Louise of Austria. Known from birth as the King of Rome, he was styled as His Majesty the King of Rome, which Napoleon I declared was the courtesy title of the heir-apparent. He was briefly the second Emperor of the French.

Three years after his birth in Paris, the First French Empire — to which he was heir — collapsed, and Napoleon abdicated the throne in favour of his infant son, who was taken by the empress to Château de Blois in April 1814. In 1815, after his defeat at Waterloo, Napoleon again abdicated in favour of his son whom he had not seen since his exile to Elba.

The Chamber of Representatives and Chamber of Peers recognized him as Emperor from the moment of his father's abdication (June 22, 1815), but the entrance of the Allies into Paris on July 7 brought a rapid end to his regime. The next Bonaparte to come to the throne of France (in 1851) took the name Napoleon III in deference to his cousin's mostly theoretical reign.

After 1815, the young prince, now known as "Franz," after his maternal grandfather, rather than as "Napoleon," was a virtual captive in Austria. He was awarded the title of Duke of Reichstadt in 1818. He died of tuberculosis at Schönbrunn Palace in Vienna on July 22, 1832. Upon the death of his stepfather, Neipperg, and the revelation that his mother had borne two illegitimate children to him prior to their marriage, Franz said to his friend, Prokesch von Osten, "If Josephine had been my mother, my father would not have been buried at Saint Helena, and I should not be at Vienna. My mother is kind but weak; she was not the wife my father deserved".[1]

It has been suggested[2] that his death was the result of deliberate lead or arsenic poisoning at the hands of agents of Metternich's police state.

He was very close to Princess Sophie of Bavaria and it has been further suggested that he was the father to her son, the future ill-fated Emperor Maximilian I of Mexico.[3]

In 1940, the remains of Napoléon François Joseph Charles Bonaparte were transferred from Vienna to the dome of Les Invalides in Paris. This was done as a gift to France from German dictator Adolf Hitler. The remains of Napoleon I were moved there in 1840. For some time, the young prince rested beside his father.

Later the remains of Napoléon François Joseph Charles Bonaparte were moved to the lower church. While most of his remains were transferred to Paris, his heart and intestines remained in Vienna. They are in Urn 42 in the "Heart Crypt" (Herzgruft) and his viscera are in Urn 76 of the Ducal Crypt.

Napoléon François Joseph Charles Bonaparte was also known as "The Eaglet" (L'Aiglon). Edmond Rostand wrote a play, L'Aiglon, about his life. Serbian composer Petar Stojanović composed an operetta "Napoleon II: Herzog von Reichstadt", which premiered in Vienna in the 1920s.

[edit]Publications

Welschinger, Le roi de Rome, 1811-32, (Paris, 1897)

Wertheimer, The Duke of Reichstadt, (London, 1905)

[edit]References

^ Markham, Felix, Napoleon, p.249

^ Altman, Gail S. Fatal Links: The Curious Deaths of Beethoven and the Two Napoleons (Paperback). Anubian Press (September 1999). ISBN 1-888071-02-8

^ Maximilian and Carlota by Gene Smith, ISBN-10: 0245524185, ISBN-13: 978-0245524189

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Napoleon_II_of_France#Life

Napoleon II, syntymästään Rooman kuningas, syntyi Pariisissa keisari Napoleon I:n ja hänen toisen vaimonsa arkkiherttuatar Marie-Louisen poikana. Kolme vuotta myöhemmin Ranskan ensimmäinen keisarikunta kuitenkin lyötiin, ja Napoleon luopui kruunusta poikansa hyväksi, jonka keisarinna vei Château de Bloisiin huhtikuussa 1814. Napoleon luopui toisenkin kerran kruunusta poikansa hyväksi hävittyään Waterloossa.

Edustajien ja aatelin kamari tunnusti prinssi Franzin keisariksi välittömästi hänen isänsä luopumisen jälkeen 22. kesäkuuta 1815, mutta liittoutuman armeijoiden saapuminen Pariisiin päätti tämän vallan 7. heinäkuuta. Napoleon II:ksi häntä ei kuitenkaan yleisesti kutsuttu. Tästä huolimatta seuraava keisari otti Napoleon III:n nimen.

Vuoden 1815 jälkeen prinssiä pidettiin Itävallassa. Hän sai Reichstadtin herttuan arvonimen 1818. Hän kuoli tuberkuloosiin Schönbrunnin linnassa 1832.

Czesław Malewski, Rody i herby szlacheckie na Litwie (XV).

http://archiwum2000.tripod.com/522/malews.html

Below we will describe an interesting story: the three famous properties of the French Emperor Napoleon Bonaparte (1769-1821), his son Napoleon II ( full name Napoleon François Charles Joseph Bonaparte ) (1811 Paris - Vienna, 1832), and the famous French poet Guyom Apolinero (in French. Guillaume Apollinaire ) (1880-1918) The connections as well as the role here was Melanija Kostrowitz (Kostrovickaite / Kostrowicka) who was the great granddaughter of Barbara Sekliuckytė.

The shoelaces have been associated with Kostrowitz, whose prominent representative is the famous French poet Apoliner, namely Apolinist Kostrowicki. Barbora Sekliuckytė with her second husband Samuel Kostrovickiu (1729 - 1780) had a son Onufrijų ( Onufr ) (~ 1760 -?) and grandson Samuel (1788-1859). Samuel Kostrovicki and his wife, Ona Zaleskaya ( Anna Zaleska ) had a daughter named Melanja.. Melanija was educated in the literature, history, languages, music and painting. She was taken to Vienna's estate, Schloss Schönbrunn where lived the second wife of Napoleon, Napoleon second wife was Marie - Louise d'Autriche (1791 1847).

Here Melanja met Napoleon and Marie Luis's son Napoleon II;  the second emperor of France, who was nicknamed Ereliukas. The Napoleonic marriage with the daughter of the Austrian Emperor Francis II was purely political which sought to converge with the Hapsburg dynasty and have a successor. Immediately after his birth, his son received the title of Roman king, but Napoleon in 1814 and 1815 having left him the throne of the emperor in France, did not receive much approval.  The state winners resisted them. Ereliukas ruled only 15 days - since 1815 June 22 until 1815 July 7.  The damsel grew up in the Grandfather's Palace in Vienna where he was given Reichstadt (Reichstadt Duke's title) up until 1830. Ereliukas did not know who his real father was. The hopes of Napoleon II were tied by Bonapartists but in 1830 was overthrown by King Charles X of France, Napoleon II was already too weak to take on the throne, He was sick and died early (21 years old). His pompous mask is exhibited at the Vienna Schonbrunn Palace.

One day Melanija and Ereliukas got acquainted. The eaglet Melanija old age is pasakojusi nephew Marcelijus (Marcin ) Kostrovickiui (brother Lucian, who was married to Jozefa Sekliuckytę ( Jozefa Sieklucka ), son), it gives him not only for his oil paintings, but also drawings, watercolors and oil painted works with Reichštato Duke's signature. Melanija and Erelius became lovers. Here a son was born to Melanija (who was 18 years old) born in Italy, finding herself with explainable circumstances. The kidnapper - a child of the Imperial Blood - was arranged and educated (for the money of Kostriewitz) in the Vatican. Later Melanija returned to Lithuania and lived in her father's estate. Both her and Erelique's grandson - the son of a son of a son of a son-in-law in Italy became Apoliner. So Napoleon would be the grandfather of Apolinero. However, this version is clearly confirmed, because until now it was argued that there are other Apolineras Kostrovickaitės (the other belonging to another family, and the coat of arms). Michael Kostrovickio ( Michal Kostrowicki ) daughter Angelica (Angelika) was unmarried and had a child born in Rome, his father is not exactly known.
https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/1357/napol%C3%A9on_ii