Fernan Gomez De Toledo

• Fernan Gomez de Toledo is the son of Gomez Perez de Toledo y Palomeque and Arabuena Armildez.
• Birth: 1285 Toledo, New Castile, Spain
• Death: circa 1307 (18-26) in Murcia, Spain
• Here lies Fernán Gómez, grand chamberlain of lord King Fernando [IV, whom God pardon, and son of Don Gómez; he died the 23d of October in the Era 1369 [i.e. AD 1331]

Married

• Married: in 1307 Teresa Vazquez De Acuna b. 1287, daughter of Vasco Martins da Cunha, "o Seco", 5º senhor de Tábua and Senhorinha Fernandes de Chacim

Children of Fernan Gomez de Toledo and Teresa Vazquez de Acuna:

• 1 Gomez Perez De Vazquez
• 2 Constanza De Toledo Vazquez
• 3 Juana De Toledo Vazquez
• 4 Vasco De Toledo Vazquez
• 5 Martin De Toledo Vazquez
• 6 Pedro Suarez De Vazquez
• 7 Gutierre Fernandez Vazquez

Background to the Creation of the Señorío de Malpica and Valdepusa

The family of Fernán (or Fernando) Gómez de Toledo had Mozarabic ancestry 1) from the conquest of Toledo by Alfonso VI (King of León) around 1085, his ancestor was Ataf Ben Lanbazar (Melendo aben Lampader according to other authors), alguacil mayor in 1129. His parents were Gómez Pérez, constable of Toledo, who died around 1295, and Orabuena Armíldez; his brothers were María Gómez, married to Tel García de Meneses, bailiff, and Gutierre Gómez, archbishop of Toledo 2) .

In 1295 Fernán Gómez de Toledo entered the service of Queen María de Molina and was appointed Notary Mayor of Toledo, a position that was created expressly for him to perform and continued to enjoy the trust of the Queen until 1301.
On September 6, 1301, the bull of Pope Boniface VIII validated the marriage of Sancho IV and María de Molina and consequently his son Fernando IV became a legitimate king, faced with this recognition by his enemies (with the infant Henry at the head and the support of Jaime II of Aragón and the infante don Juan ) change their strategy and try to confront Fernando IV with his mother, to separate him from his tutelage and advice and handle him at will.

The maneuver was not awkward, since the monarch, young and weak of character, would be a plaything of the flatterers as soon as he lacked the assistance and support of his mother 3) .

D. Enrique and Don Juan Núñez continue with their succession intrigue and, through the intermediary the knight Gonzalo Gómez de Caldelas, invite Fernando, a great hunting fan, to a four-day hunt in León, where the Infante Juan who is He will be in charge of sowing discord between the son and the mother. Maternal permission is obtained with the only notice that he will return in time to go together to Vitoria, but as the four days pass and Fernando does not return, held back with flattery and false promises to take over the government of the kingdom together with Uncle Don Enrique and her. acquiescence of the Infante Don Juan, while they continue the conspiracy, defaming the queen, making her believe that her mother's trip to Vitoria was not simply to fix the losses of Navarre,Alfonso de la Cerda , the suitor and thus snatch the kingdoms of Castile and León from Fernando 4) . Then Queen María de Molina sends one of her advisers, Fernán Gómez de Toledo, to inform him of the conspiracy and make him return to her side but Fernando IV attracts Fernán Gómez to his entourage and court, passing from the court of the mother to that of the son and appoints him Chief Waiter without prejudice to the title of Mayor Notary of Toledo 5) . In July 1303, D. Fernán was sent by the king, together with the Jew Samuel, to the court of the new king of Granada, Muhammad III , in order to reach a peace agreement on the border of both territories. By the treaty, which was ratified by Fernando IV in Córdoba, Tarifa remained on the Castilian side and Granada preserved Alcaudete, Quesada, Bedmar and other places that the Granadans had conquered in their confrontations with Castile and, in exchange, the Granada king recognized himself as a vassal from Castilian, pledging to pay large outcasts, and Castilla retained the strategic square of Tarifa 6) . Ferdinand IV A year later we find Fernán Gómez de Toledo exercising diplomatic functions (accompanying Diego García de Toledo , Chancellor of the Seal of Parity) to negotiate with the Crown of Aragon the cessation of hostilities between Jaime II (who wanted to enthroned in Castile to his candidate Alfonso de la Cerda) and Fernando IV, with the arbitration of the King of Portugal, the Infante Don Juan and Don Jimeno, Archbishop of Zaragoza. These tripartite negotiations ended with the agreement of the so-called Arbitration Sentence of Torrellas in 1304 7) as a result of which it was agreed to divide the kingdom of Murcia between Castile and Aragon, the Toledo knights being able to exercise the privilege of distributing the Murcian lands according to their personal criteria.

Fernán Gómez also intervened, as royal representative, together with Alfonso Pérez de Guzmán, in the negotiations, to prevent the fight with the rebel nobility (led by Don Diego López de Haro and Don Juan Núñez de Lara and supported by Jaime II of Aragón ) became entrenched, achieving the commitment of a personal interview with the monarch and María de Malina, which was held on June 13, 1306 in Pancorbo in which a peace agreement was signed by which the king promised to deliver the nobles the lands and estates confiscated during the conflict in exchange for returning to royal service. But the agreement was ephemeral because a year later, in the courts of Valladolid, the nobles and the citizen representatives, requested the resignation of D. Fernán Gómez and D. Diego García and as it was denied, the nobility returned to revolt,8) , thus ending the career of D. Fernán Gómez de Toledo at court, although retaining his title of Chief Waiter and getting his brother, Gutierre Gómez, to be appointed, at the intercession of Fernando IV, archbishop of Toledo, although "avia in the church other or more literate ". 9) During his service to the monarchy, he obtained the concession of extensive territories, including Malpica de Tajo with exemptions to attract settlers to place 10) , then we already have the germ of the Malpica manor created and in the process of repopulation, granting such a privilege to D Fernán Gómez de Toledo.

After the ascent to the throne of Alfonso Xl , in 1326, he continues to hold the office of Notary Mayor of the kingdom of Toledo. He died on October 23, 1331, being buried in the parish of San Antolín. His sepulchral lauda reads:

"HERE YAZE FERNÁN GÓMEZ MAIOR WAITER OF THE KING DON FERNANDO MAY GOD FORGIVE FIXED BY DON GÓMEZ ET FINO XXIII DAYS OF OCTOBER ERA OF MCCCLXIX".

And it is preserved in the monastery of Santa Isabel , the old parish of San Antolín, where the family owned its funeral chapel. eleven)

The wife of D. Fernán Gómez, Teresa Vázquez de Acuña, now a widow, was appointed, in 1334, nurse to the infant Don Pedro (future Pedro I) 12) , she is the one who is introducing his relatives, Gómez Pérez as Chief Dispenser, Pedro Suárez as Chief Waiter, Gutirre Fernández as Chief Warden, and his nephew Pedro Suárez "the waiter" was the Chief Pastry Chef.

The numerous descendants of Fernán Gómez de Toledo and Teresa Vázquez de Acuña remained in the direct service of the kings Alfonso XI, Pedro I and, later, of Enrique II . Although the life and work of all the children of the aforementioned marriage (and their descendants) are very interesting and had great influence in their time, as far as we are concerned I will focus only on the first-born, Gómez Pérez, who is the bailiff of Toledo in 1323, when his father made a will and was later introduced by his mother, along with his brothers, into the court of the infant Don Pedro, occupying, when he was crowned king in 1350, the position of major butler.

He married Teresa Alfonsa, the daughter of his father's friend, Diego García de Toledo, and died in 1351, being buried by his own mandate in Franciscan habit in the chapel of the aforementioned church of San Antolín. His five children were, the first-born Diego Gómez, who will continue the lineage, mayor of Toledo and Notary Mayor of the kingdom of Toledo in the time of Pedro I, Gutierre Gómez, prior of the Order of San Juan in Castilla and Grand Master of the Order de Alcántara, Suer Gómez, Archbishop of Compostela, Teresa Vázquez, married to García Fernández Manrique, and Pedro Suárez de Toledo "el mozo", the king's pastry chef.

For the same reason explained above, I focus in turn on the first-born and continuator of the lineage (on this page I present a genealogical tree), Diego Gómez de Toledo, who began his political career at the hands of his uncles, high officials of the court of the Infante Don Pedro and was made a knight of the Order of La Banda in 1348. Between 1352 and 1353 he exerts as leader of the squires of the body of the king participating in the arrest of the noble Alfonso Femández Coronel , cast in his town of Aguilar, accused of treason and executed and of whose goods the king donated to Diego Gómez the lordship of Casarrubios del Monte in 1352.

In 1354 he participated in the "views of Tejadillo" in that town of Zamora in which the nobles and knights, who opposed the monarch's policy and his separation from Queen Blanca de Borbón , with whom he had married and whom he wanted to leave. to continue with his partner María Padilla, led by Enrique de Trastamara, demanded the renewal of the positions of the king's house and the expulsion of the private ones that, at this moment, belong to the family of Pedro Suárez, his brother Gutierre Fernández, a senior waiter, who speaks in that interview with the nobles, in the name of the king, his son Pero Suárez el mozo, who was the king's major cupbearer, and his nephew Diego Gómez, the senior notary of the kingdom of Toledo.In that interview, no consensus was reached and the nobility revolted against the king.

D. Diego Gómez also took part in the so-called " War of the Two Pedros ", receiving as a reward the lordship of Valdepusa, in 1357, for the services rendered both by his family, by his grandmother, the nurse of King Teresa Vázquez, and by himself, also granting him the town of Arroyomolinos, which will pass to his son Pedro Suárez III. Now we have that the lordship of Valdepusa whose repopulation privilege is granted to D. Diego Gómez de Toledo is created independently from that of Malpica already held by his grandfather D. Fernán Gómez de Toledo, although it must be specified that D. Diego already he owned part of the lands of the lordship of Valpusa acquired by inheritance, donation, exchange or purchase.

The third son of Fernán Gómez, uncle of D. Diego Gómez, Gutierre Fernández was in 1351 warden of the Alcázar of Talavera, and for this reason he was the one who arrested and imprisoned in that fortress, in the name of the king, Doña Leonor , mother of his stepbrother Enrique de Trastamara. There the king had her assassinated, taking direct responsibility for the execution. His uncle Gutierrez Fernández was also responsible for the family's fall from grace, since after the defeat of Araviana, peace talks were established in Tudela, in 1360, between Castile and Aragon and the Castilian king sent Gutierre Fernández as attorney, and the Aragonese king the Viscount of Cabrera. As no agreement was reached, the Castilian, without counting on the king's opinion, tried to divide the adversary, negotiating separately with one of his enemies, the infant Don Fernando, a fact that was interpreted by Pedro I as a sign of betrayal, which He concluded the negotiations and ordered Gutierre to go to the town of Alfaro, where he was imprisoned and ordered to be executed, sending his head to the king. His death affected his entire family politically. His brother, the archbishop of Toledo don Vasco, was forced into exile to Portugal, his nephews Gutierre Gómez, prior of San Juan in Castile, was imprisoned and Diego Gómez, D. Diego Gómez, together with Pedro I, intervenes in the renewed war with Aragon, during which he occupies the castle of Teruel, until March 28, 1366, when the king orders to abandon the strongholds taken from the kingdom of Aragon, and with him, he retired to Toledo. In the city, the king stays at the home of Diego Gómez and his wife Inés de Ayala, of Alava origin and sister of Chancellor Pedro López de Ayala, and there he meets Teresa, the 13-year-old daughter, whom he leaves pregnant. and of which he will have an illegitimate daughter 13) María de Ayala or de Castilla. Teresa later married Don Juan Núñez de Aguilar, whom she was widowed in 1384 without having children and when she became a widow, Teresa entered the monastery of Santo Domingo el Real , where she became prioress, like her daughter María.

Two months later, Enrique de Trastamara, who has been crowned king in Burgos, directs his troops towards Toledo. In the interior of the city a division takes place between the partisan gentlemen of Pedro I and those of Enrique II. It is the moment when Diego García, who is in charge of the defense of the Alcázar and Puente de Alcántara, decides to change sides, and asserts his position as mayor and the solidarity of lineage, to impose on the master of Santiago, the delivery of the city to the new king. Thanks to this maneuver, Enrique II will confirm him in his offices as Notary Mayor of the kingdom of Toledo and Mayor of Toledo, being one of the beneficiaries of his grants, since he donated all the properties and privileges that had belonged to his uncle Gutierre Fernandez. In return Diego Gómez serves the new monarch in his war against Pedro I,14) . Henry II the Fratricide

After the civil war, Diego Gómez settled permanently in his city of origin, serving as Mayor and managing his estates of Casarrubios del Monte, Valdepusa and Arroyomolinos, granted by Pedro I, by inheritance, as well as the properties that had belonged to his uncle Gutierre, confirmed by Enrique II, who also donated for him and for his heirs, large cash income on the almojarifazgoof Seville, the gate of Quijorna on the wood of Ribadeo, on the almojarifazgo of Seville, on the rights of the Puerta de Bisagra, and on the lordship of Vizcaya. His patrimony was completed with the acquisition of the lordship of Móstoles from his brother Gutierre Gómez, prior of the order of San Juan in Castilla, and the purchase of real estate in Toledo, Talavera, Illescas, Mazarabuzaque and Olías.

A widow since 1375, Inés de Ayala continues to have the support of Enrique II, who, according to the document of May 4 of that year, grants her, by a letter of privilege addressed to the mayors and bailiffs of Toledo, to make a alcaicería where, exclusively, all the colored cloths were to be sold in the city. And, likewise, having an inn "where merchants who bring cloths pose", also obligatory. This monopoly, which reported large income to Doña Inés and her heirs - her daughter Teresa and the monastery of Santo Domingo el Real - was justified by the many services that Diego Gómez did to the monarch. Any "alfayate, broker or tractor" who bought or sold cloth outside of this alcaicería of Doña Inés, would incur a penalty of 600 mrs., Of which she would take 400 and the complainant 20015) .

Twenty years after the death of D. Diego Gómez in 1375, in 1395, the distribution of his patrimony (begun in 1379, the division in eight parts between his wife and seven children) was carried out between his two daughters, Mrs. Teresa and Dña Sancha, since the men had already died, (over half a million maravedís, only in properties), of this distribution I only quote the part of Dña Aldonza de Ayala, as far as we are concerned: Stronghouse of Malpica " with all its vassals of the said place and term, and with all the jurisdiction and justice and lordship of it ", with all the vineyards, olive groves, mills, wineries, jars, farmlands, mountains, trees of Malpica, Valdepusa, Fornaguera, Bernuy, Navalmoral and Chozas , mouths of Cedena and Pusa, with Bernuy's boat 16) .

Medieval and Modern Genealogy, Memory and History — part of nltaylor.net

The palace was made into a convent by Pedro Suarez’s descendant María Suárez de Toledo, known as ‘Sor María la Pobre’. But it had its own chapel for generations previously, which is now (or was enlarged to be) the convent church. In it, among other tombs, is the tomb of Sancha’s male-line great-grandfather, Fernán Gómez (picture from Balbina Martínez Caviro, Mudéjar toledano: palacios y conventos [Madrid, 1980]):

Here lies Fernán Gómez, grand chamberlain of lord King Fernando [IV], whom God pardon, and son of Don Gómez; he died the 23d of October in the Era 1369 [i.e. AD 1331]

The convent was dedicated to Santa Isabel, and because of the patronage of Fernando & Isabel (Fernando V was related to Sor María since he also descended from Pedro Suárez, Sancha’s brother), became known as ‘Santa Isabel de los Reyes’ [i.e., de los Reyes Catolicos]. Much of the architecture of the palace and chapel, built in the 14th century and rebuilt and expanded in the 15th and 16th, exemplifies Mudejar style, the style influenced by Islamic examples, and probably largely created by Islamic craftsmen, in and around Toledo. Much information on this particular palace is found in the book by Balbina M. Caviro, Mudéjar toledano: palacios y conventos (Madrid, 1980).

Sources

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